ABSTRACT
Rapid, sensitive and specific detection tools are critical for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The in vitro nucleic acid amplification assays, including polymerase chain reaction and isothermal amplification technology, have been widely used for the detection of pathogens. Recently, nucleic acid detection-based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) have been developed, which are rapid, highly sensitive, highly specific, and portable. This review describes the classification and principle of CRISPR/Cas systems and their applications in pathogen detection, and discusses the prospects of CRISPR/Cas systems.
ABSTRACT
Folate involves in one-carbon metabolism pathway,which contributes to nucleotide synthesis,amino acid transformation and methylation.Early embryo development requires a number of cell proliferation and differentiation,in which folate plays a vital role.Studies revealed folate supplement lowers the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD),and single nucleotide polymorphisms of key enzyme in folate metabolism are closely related to CHD.Folate metabolism disorder may cause hyperhomocysteinemia,which is considered as one of the independent risk factors of CHD.Mechanism in folate metabolism disorder and CHD is unclear,and studies indicate that folate metabolism disorder may lead to CHD by various ways,such as perturbing cardiac neural crest formation and migration,inhibiting DNA synthesis and interfering cell proliferation and apoptosis.Therefore,it is important to explore the role of folate metabolism disorder in CHD,which will be helpful in preventing the disease and reducing the disease burden.